{"id":22741,"date":"2023-02-07T09:00:03","date_gmt":"2023-02-07T07:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/recyclingnetwerk.org\/?p=22741"},"modified":"2025-01-08T08:27:29","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:27:29","slug":"consigne-numerique-letude-de-pwc-examinee-et-jugee-trop-legere","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fairresourcefoundation.org\/fr\/consigne-numerique-letude-de-pwc-examinee-et-jugee-trop-legere\/","title":{"rendered":"Consigne num\u00e9rique : l’\u00e9tude de PwC examin\u00e9e et jug\u00e9e trop l\u00e9g\u00e8re"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Le ministre de l’Environnement Zuhal Demir (N-VA) a pris l’initiative lorsque les chiffres de l’OVAM ont montr\u00e9 que 18.171 tonnes de d\u00e9chets devaient encore \u00eatre nettoy\u00e9es chaque ann\u00e9e en Flandre.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fin d\u00e9cembre, le gouvernement flamand a donn\u00e9 l’autorisation de tester la proposition de l’industrie belge de l’emballage concernant un syst\u00e8me de consigne num\u00e9rique par le biais de projets pilotes. Avec le syst\u00e8me de consigne num\u00e9rique, deux codes doivent \u00eatre scann\u00e9s avant de pouvoir jeter un colis dans le sac bleu chez vous ou dans les \u00ab poubelles bleues publiques \u00bb. Le ministre demande que ce syst\u00e8me soit \u00e9valu\u00e9 en 2023.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019objectif ultime est l\u2019instauration de la consigne sur les bouteilles et canettes en 2025 avec un syst\u00e8me techniquement r\u00e9alisable et accessible \u00e0 tous. Elle doit \u00e9galement s\u2019attaquer efficacement aux probl\u00e8mes : r\u00e9duire consid\u00e9rablement les d\u00e9chets et promouvoir la circularit\u00e9 des mat\u00e9riaux de haute qualit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

La ministre de l’Environnement Zuhal Demir (N-VA)\u00a0<\/span>a expliqu\u00e9<\/span><\/a>\u00a0que si le syst\u00e8me num\u00e9rique n’est pas sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 un syst\u00e8me de consigne normal, elle introduira un syst\u00e8me de consigne classique. Les gens r\u00e9cup\u00e8rent de l\u2019argent lorsqu\u2019ils rapportent des canettes et des bouteilles vides aux points de vente. L’OVAM l’a confirm\u00e9 dans l’<\/span>appel<\/span><\/a>\u00a0aux entreprises qui souhaitent jouer un r\u00f4le dans la conception du syst\u00e8me.<\/span><\/p>\n

Consigne NUM\u00c9RIQUE<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n

Aucun syst\u00e8me de consigne num\u00e9rique n\u2019est encore utilis\u00e9 nulle part dans le monde. Il n\u2019existe aucun exemple pratique indiquant si et comment cela fonctionnerait. Il n\u2019existe pas de donn\u00e9es empiriques permettant de d\u00e9terminer si ce syst\u00e8me permet d\u2019obtenir les m\u00eames r\u00e9sultats qu\u2019avec le syst\u00e8me de consigne classique. Il existe peu d’\u00e9tudes sur ce sujet, dont l’\u00e9tude \u00ab <\/span>Every Packaging Counts \u2013 DDRS Blueprint<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u00bb que l’industrie belge de l’emballage a command\u00e9e \u00e0 PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC).<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9tude PwC a \u00e9t\u00e9 livr\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019industrie de l\u2019emballage fin septembre 2022. Il a gard\u00e9 l’\u00e9tude secr\u00e8te. Ce n’est qu’apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9cision du gouvernement et sous la pression de l’opposition et des m\u00e9dias que le ministre Demir a rendu l’\u00e9tude publique. C’\u00e9tait le 13 janvier 2023, trois semaines apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9cision du gouvernement flamand.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c9TUDE COMMAND\u00c9E PAR L’INDUSTRIE DE L’EMBALLAGE<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n

<\/span>Nous avons analys\u00e9<\/span><\/a> le mod\u00e8le de consigne num\u00e9rique . L’industrie de l’emballage a charg\u00e9 le cabinet de conseil PwC de produire un rapport qui peut \u00ab servir d’argument clair et num\u00e9riquement \u00e9tay\u00e9 pour expliquer pourquoi cette approche est meilleure que le syst\u00e8me de consigne classique \u00bb. C\u2019est pourquoi nous examinons \u00e9galement l\u2019\u00e9tude d\u2019un \u0153il critique et soulignons ses limites et les questions qui restent sans r\u00e9ponse.<\/span><\/p>\n

Notre analyse pr\u00e9sente les deux syst\u00e8mes, y compris leurs co\u00fbts respectifs et leurs d\u00e9lais de mise en \u0153uvre. Nous examinons si le syst\u00e8me num\u00e9rique est aussi efficace que le syst\u00e8me traditionnel en termes de r\u00e9duction des d\u00e9chets, de taux de retour de mat\u00e9riaux de haute qualit\u00e9 et de potentiel de r\u00e9utilisation.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9tude de PwC ne prouve pas que l\u2019introduction d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de consigne num\u00e9rique d\u2019ici 2025 soit r\u00e9alisable, bien au contraire. L’\u00e9tude de PwC ne montre pas non plus que le syst\u00e8me de num\u00e9risation serait efficace pour r\u00e9duire les d\u00e9chets – ce que le syst\u00e8me de consigne classique a prouv\u00e9 et prouve dans les pays voisins.<\/span><\/p>\n

Notre analyse met en \u00e9vidence de nombreux risques pour les consommateurs : exclusion des personnes n’ayant pas acc\u00e8s \u00e0 Internet ni \u00e0 un compte bancaire. Seule\u00a0<\/span>la moiti\u00e9 de la population belge<\/span><\/a>\u00a0poss\u00e8de les comp\u00e9tences num\u00e9riques n\u00e9cessaires. La n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de partager des donn\u00e9es personnelles et les risques de fraude ou d\u2019abus du syst\u00e8me posent \u00e9galement probl\u00e8me aux utilisateurs. Ces barri\u00e8res mettent en p\u00e9ril l\u2019utilisation du syst\u00e8me et donc son succ\u00e8s.<\/span><\/p>\n

Notre analyse montre que le syst\u00e8me de consigne num\u00e9rique ne r\u00e9pond pas aux objectifs d\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la qualit\u00e9 du recyclage ou d\u2019adaptation aux normes europ\u00e9ennes de r\u00e9utilisation. Cela est tr\u00e8s probl\u00e9matique alors que l\u2019Europe pr\u00e9voit une transition rapide vers une \u00e9conomie plus circulaire au niveau europ\u00e9en. L’effet sur les d\u00e9chets n’a pas non plus \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9montr\u00e9. Cependant, la lutte contre les d\u00e9chets sauvages a \u00e9t\u00e9 le point de d\u00e9part de la ministre Zuhal Demir lorsqu’elle a annonc\u00e9 le syst\u00e8me de consigne.<\/span><\/p>\n

Enfin, l’\u00e9tude PWC montre qu’un syst\u00e8me num\u00e9rique n\u00e9cessiterait une contribution significative des communes belges. Qu’il s’agisse de l’installation de plus de 136 000 poubelles publiques suppl\u00e9mentaires ou de la gestion \u00e9ventuelle de scanners domestiques pour les m\u00e9nages.<\/span><\/p>\n

De nombreux \u00e9l\u00e9ments de l’\u00e9tude doivent encore \u00eatre clarifi\u00e9s : l’analyse co\u00fbts-avantages ne contient aucune donn\u00e9e et des calculs incorrects et la couche administrative de l’\u00e9tude est manquante.<\/span><\/p>\n

CONCLUSIONS<\/span><\/h2>\n

Notre analyse montre que la faisabilit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me num\u00e9rique n\u2019a pas encore \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9montr\u00e9e. Par cons\u00e9quent, il n\u2019est pas r\u00e9aliste qu’un syst\u00e8me de consigne num\u00e9rique puisse commencer d’ici fin 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n

Plus inqui\u00e9tant encore, l’\u00e9tude de PwC ne d\u00e9montre pas que le syst\u00e8me num\u00e9rique permettrait d’atteindre les objectifs vis\u00e9s, \u00e0 savoir : r\u00e9duire les d\u00e9chets, augmenter la qualit\u00e9 du recyclage. Pourquoi mettre en place un syst\u00e8me num\u00e9rique dont l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 prouv\u00e9e ? Surtout quand le syst\u00e8me classique fonctionne et est mis en place dans toute une s\u00e9rie\u00a0<\/span>de pays europ\u00e9ens<\/span><\/a>. Enfin, ce syst\u00e8me ne semble pas accessible \u00e0 tous les consommateurs et fait peser une charge budg\u00e9taire et organisationnelle inutile sur les \u00e9paules des communes.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Le ministre de l’Environnement Zuhal Demir (N-VA) a pris l’initiative lorsque les chiffres de l’OVAM ont montr\u00e9 que 18.171 tonnes de d\u00e9chets devaient encore \u00eatre nettoy\u00e9es chaque ann\u00e9e en Flandre. Fin d\u00e9cembre, le gouvernement flamand a donn\u00e9 l’autorisation de tester la proposition de l’industrie belge de l’emballage concernant un syst\u00e8me de consigne num\u00e9rique par le […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":23947246,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[3256,3215,3233],"tags":[3022,161,3144,3376,3358,3490,3543,3484,582,121],"dipi_cpt_category":[],"published_year":[3270,3433],"class_list":["post-22741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-consigne-fr","category-dechets-et-pollution","category-dechets-sauvages","tag-afval-en-vervuiling","tag-belgie-nl","tag-belgique","tag-consigne","tag-digitaal-statiegeld-fr","tag-dechets-et-pollution-fr-3","tag-afval-en-vervuiling-fr","tag-dechets-sauvages-fr-2","tag-digitaal-statiegeld-nl","tag-statiegeld-nl","published_year-3270","published_year-2023-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nConsigne num\u00e9rique : l'\u00e9tude de PwC examin\u00e9e et jug\u00e9e trop l\u00e9g\u00e8re | Fair Resource Foundation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"De Vlaamse regering besliste net voor Kerst dat ze tegen 2025 statiegeld op plastic flessen en blikjes invoert in overleg met de twee andere gewesten. 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