{"id":23956140,"date":"2025-11-12T09:00:50","date_gmt":"2025-11-12T08:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fairresourcefoundation.org\/?p=23956140"},"modified":"2025-11-12T09:02:04","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T08:02:04","slug":"pwc-rapport-open-monopole","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fairresourcefoundation.org\/fr\/pwc-rapport-open-monopole\/","title":{"rendered":"Rapport PwC pour Stichting OPEN plaide pour un monopole de la REP, mais ignore les critiques"},"content":{"rendered":"

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La Fondation OPEN (anciennement Wecycle) est la seule organisation n\u00e9erlandaise de producteurs pour les d\u00e9chets \u00e9lectroniques (e-waste). Elle a command\u00e9 une <\/span>\u00e9tude<\/span><\/a> \u00e0 <\/span>PwC<\/span><\/a>, dont il ressortirait qu\u2019un march\u00e9 avec un seul \u00e9co-organisme (PRO) serait le plus efficace et le plus effectif pour la mise en \u0153uvre de la Responsabilit\u00e9 \u00c9largie des Producteurs (REP). Ce r\u00e9sultat tombe \u00e0 point nomm\u00e9 pour la Fondation OPEN, mais cette conclusion est-elle r\u00e9ellement fond\u00e9e ?<\/span><\/p>\n

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Un peu de contexte sur les r\u00e9sultats de la Fondation OPEN<\/span><\/h2>\n

Depuis 2019, la <\/span>Directive europ\u00e9enne 2012\/19<\/span><\/a> impose aux \u00c9tats membres de veiller \u00e0 ce que 65 % de la moyenne triennale des \u00e9quipements \u00e9lectriques et \u00e9lectroniques (EEE) mis sur le march\u00e9 soient collect\u00e9s s\u00e9par\u00e9ment par les producteurs, avec en compl\u00e9ment des objectifs minimaux par cat\u00e9gorie de produits pour la pr\u00e9paration au r\u00e9emploi et le recyclage.<\/span>
\n<\/span>Bien que la loi oblige les producteurs \u00e0 atteindre ces <\/span>objectifs individuellement<\/span><\/a>, cela s\u2019av\u00e8re souvent tr\u00e8s difficile dans la pratique. C\u2019est pourquoi les producteurs et importateurs se regroupent dans des <\/span>\u00e9co-organismes (PRO) qui<\/b> assurent collectivement la mise en \u0153uvre de la REP.<\/span><\/p>\n

Au moment de l\u2019introduction de ces objectifs, le taux de collecte des EEE usag\u00e9s aux Pays-Bas n\u2019\u00e9tait que de <\/span>48 %<\/span><\/a>, et le march\u00e9 comptait plusieurs PRO, notamment Wecycle et <\/span>WEEE Nederland<\/span><\/a>. Wecycle estimait qu\u2019une position de monopole permettrait d\u2019atteindre plus rapidement les objectifs fix\u00e9s. L\u2019organisation a donc demand\u00e9 une D\u00e9claration d\u2019Application G\u00e9n\u00e9rale (AVV), en <\/span>promettant<\/span><\/a> d\u2019atteindre le taux l\u00e9gal de 65 % dans un d\u00e9lai de deux ans. Le minist\u00e8re des Infrastructures et de l\u2019Environnement (I&W) a ensuite approuv\u00e9 cette AVV, contraignant les producteurs, municipalit\u00e9s et d\u00e9taillants affili\u00e9s \u00e0 WEEE Nederland \u00e0 rejoindre Wecycle, qui est devenue \u00e0 partir de ce moment la Fondation OPEN. WEEE Nederland est <\/span>ensuite<\/span><\/a> devenue un prestataire de services de la Fondation OPEN.<\/span>
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Cependant, la promesse d\u2019atteindre 65 % en deux ans n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 tenue. Cinq ans plus tard, cet objectif reste toujours hors d\u2019atteinte : en 2024, seulement <\/span>32 %<\/span><\/a> ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collect\u00e9s. La Fondation OPEN critique par ailleurs l\u2019objectif des 65 %, ce qui peut se comprendre, car cet objectif ne prend en compte que le recyclage, sans tenir compte du r\u00e9emploi, de la r\u00e9paration ou d\u2019autres strat\u00e9gies circulaires.<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.22.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb z_index=\u00a0\u00bb99″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/fairresourcefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/belgium-3595351_1280.jpg\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbbelgium-3595351_1280″ url=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.verpact.nl\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-04\/Statiegeld%20in%20Nederland%2C%20een%20toelichting.pdf\u00a0\u00bb url_new_window=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb min_height=\u00a0\u00bb272.8px\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb2.1%||2.1%||true|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb||0px|||\u00a0\u00bb border_radii=\u00a0\u00bbon|30px|30px|30px|30px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row make_equal=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|tablet\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.24.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00a0\u00bb z_index=\u00a0\u00bb99″ width_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb90%\u00a0\u00bb width_phone=\u00a0\u00bb90%\u00a0\u00bb width_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|phone\u00a0\u00bb max_width=\u00a0\u00bb90%\u00a0\u00bb max_width_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb90%\u00a0\u00bb max_width_phone=\u00a0\u00bb90%\u00a0\u00bb max_width_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|tablet\u00a0\u00bb min_height=\u00a0\u00bb293.2px\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0%|5%|0%|5%|true|true\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb2%||0%||false|true\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb2%||0%||false|true\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.21.2″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb z_index=\u00a0\u00bb99″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb header_2_font=\u00a0\u00bbSoulcraft Wide|||on|||||\u00a0\u00bb header_2_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.5em\u00a0\u00bb header_3_font=\u00a0\u00bbSoulcraft Wide||||||||\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_color=\u00a0\u00bbgcid-77784515-52da-45c3-b038-e5c2d51b4bf9″ header_3_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb1.8vw\u00a0\u00bb header_3_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.3em\u00a0\u00bb min_height=\u00a0\u00bb283.2px\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb-9px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00a0\u00bb||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|phone\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb7px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″ header_3_font_size_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb4vw\u00a0\u00bb header_3_font_size_phone=\u00a0\u00bb5vw\u00a0\u00bb header_3_font_size_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|phone\u00a0\u00bb custom_css_free_form=\u00a0\u00bb.selector .et_pb_text_inner ul {|| font-family: greycliff-cf, sans-serif!important;||font-weight: 400!important;||}\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{%22gcid-77784515-52da-45c3-b038-e5c2d51b4bf9%22:%91%22header_2_text_color%22,%22text_text_color%22,%22header_3_text_color%22%93}\u00a0\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″]<\/p>\n

L\u2019essor rapide des panneaux solaires fausse \u00e9galement les chiffres, puisqu\u2019ils repr\u00e9sentent d\u00e9sormais un tiers du volume total mis sur le march\u00e9, mais sont encore tr\u00e8s peu jet\u00e9s. Le nouvel objectif europ\u00e9en, qui exige que 85 % des EEE r\u00e9ellement jet\u00e9s soient collect\u00e9s la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e, corrige ces lacunes.<\/span>
<\/span>Le secr\u00e9taire d\u2019\u00c9tat du minist\u00e8re I&W a d\u2019ailleurs <\/span>confirm\u00e9<\/span><\/a> que c\u2019est d\u00e9sormais l\u2019objectif de 85 % qui fera foi, et non plus celui de 65 %. Malgr\u00e9 cela, avec un taux de <\/span>68 %<\/span><\/a>, la Fondation OPEN reste encore loin du compte.<\/span>
<\/span>La <\/span>Commission europ\u00e9enne<\/span><\/a> a donc engag\u00e9 une proc\u00e9dure d\u2019infraction contre les Pays-Bas, et l\u2019Inspection de l\u2019Environnement et des Transports (<\/span>ILT<\/span><\/a>) a plac\u00e9 la Fondation OPEN sous surveillance renforc\u00e9e, lui demandant d\u2019\u00e9laborer un plan d\u2019am\u00e9lioration pour augmenter le taux de collecte.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Le rapport de PwC<\/span><\/h2>\n

Le rapport r\u00e9dig\u00e9 par <\/span>PwC<\/span><\/a> \u00e0 la demande de la Fondation OPEN se concentre principalement sur l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 et les avantages d\u2019un mod\u00e8le \u00e0 \u00e9co-organisme unique \u2013 autrement dit, un monopole.<\/span>
<\/span>Selon PwC, un tel mod\u00e8le serait plus efficace pour lutter contre les \u201cfree riders\u201d (passagers clandestins), garantir la sensibilisation du public et permettre des investissements \u00e0 long terme. \u00c0 l\u2019inverse, le passage \u00e0 un syst\u00e8me \u00e0 plusieurs \u00e9co-organismes engendrerait selon eux de nombreux probl\u00e8mes, comme la favorisation des grandes entreprises et une pression concurrentielle sur les prix, qui ne favoriserait ni le recyclage de qualit\u00e9 ni les objectifs \u00e0 long terme.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Fait int\u00e9ressant, une <\/span>autre \u00e9tude<\/span><\/a> command\u00e9e par l\u2019European Recycling Platform aboutit \u00e0 la conclusion inverse : la concurrence entre PRO stimule l\u2019innovation et l\u2019efficacit\u00e9, car elle pousse les organisations \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer les services propos\u00e9s \u00e0 leurs clients. Le rapport de PwC se concentrant uniquement sur les arguments en faveur d\u2019un monopole, il ne r\u00e9pond pas \u00e0 la question essentielle : comment concevoir un syst\u00e8me de REP r\u00e9ellement efficace ?<\/span><\/p>\n

Un autre point important concerne le manque de consultation des parties prenantes dans le rapport, telles que WEEE Nederland (qui collabore d\u00e9sormais avec la Fondation OPEN), mais aussi les centres de recherche, collectivit\u00e9s locales, recycleurs et organisations de consommateurs.<\/span>
<\/span>Sans leur participation, il est difficile d\u2019arriver \u00e0 des conclusions pleinement fond\u00e9es, surtout lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit de promouvoir la circularit\u00e9, la transparence et la participation dans la gouvernance des \u00e9co-organismes.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Pour une REP inclusive<\/span><\/h2>\n

Un <\/span>position paper<\/span><\/a> de Fair Resource Foundation souligne le risque que les \u00e9co-organismes utilisent leur pouvoir pour des actions de lobbying, tandis que les autres acteurs seraient trop peu entendus.<\/span>
<\/span>La cr\u00e9ation de l\u2019\u00e9co-organisme REP <\/span>Collectief Circulair Textiel<\/span><\/a> visait justement \u00e0 offrir une alternative pla\u00e7ant la circularit\u00e9 et l\u2019inclusivit\u00e9 au centre.<\/span>
<\/span>Une <\/span>carte blanche<\/span><\/a> de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Utrecht sur la REP insiste \u00e9galement sur la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d\u2019un nouveau mod\u00e8le de gouvernance pour les \u00e9co-organismes, accordant un r\u00f4le clair \u00e0 d\u2019autres acteurs – collectivit\u00e9s, entreprises de gestion des d\u00e9chets et organisations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile – dans la d\u00e9finition de la strat\u00e9gie de l\u2019\u00e9co-organisme.<\/span>
<\/span>Cette carte blanche plaide ainsi pour une \u00ab organisation de gestion de la cha\u00eene de valeur circulaire \u00bb \u00e0 large repr\u00e9sentation, et non limit\u00e9e aux seuls producteurs.<\/span><\/p>\n

La v\u00e9ritable question n\u2019est donc pas de savoir s\u2019il faut un ou plusieurs \u00e9co-organismes, mais quels cadres r\u00e9glementaires le gouvernement doit fixer pour garantir leur bon fonctionnement. Dans ce contexte, le processus actuel de <\/span>r\u00e9vision de la REP<\/span><\/a> est particuli\u00e8rement important.<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb3_5,2_5″ make_equal=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|tablet\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.24.3″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00a0\u00bb z_index=\u00a0\u00bb99″ width_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb90%\u00a0\u00bb width_phone=\u00a0\u00bb90%\u00a0\u00bb width_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|phone\u00a0\u00bb max_width=\u00a0\u00bb90%\u00a0\u00bb max_width_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb90%\u00a0\u00bb max_width_phone=\u00a0\u00bb90%\u00a0\u00bb max_width_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|tablet\u00a0\u00bb min_height=\u00a0\u00bb252.3px\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb1.7%|5%|1.7%|5%|true|true\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb2%||0%||false|true\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb2%||0%||false|true\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb3_5″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.21.2″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb z_index=\u00a0\u00bb99″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/fairresourcefoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/one-against-all-1744093_640.jpg\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbone-against-all-1744093_640″ url=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.verpact.nl\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-04\/Statiegeld%20in%20Nederland%2C%20een%20toelichting.pdf\u00a0\u00bb url_new_window=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb min_height=\u00a0\u00bb272.8px\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb2.1%||2.1%||true|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb||0px|||\u00a0\u00bb border_radii=\u00a0\u00bbon|30px|30px|30px|30px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb2_5″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.22.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb z_index=\u00a0\u00bb99″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb header_2_font=\u00a0\u00bbSoulcraft Wide|||on|||||\u00a0\u00bb header_2_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.5em\u00a0\u00bb header_3_font=\u00a0\u00bbSoulcraft Wide||||||||\u00a0\u00bb header_3_text_color=\u00a0\u00bbgcid-77784515-52da-45c3-b038-e5c2d51b4bf9″ header_3_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb1.8vw\u00a0\u00bb header_3_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.3em\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb0px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00a0\u00bb-20px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|phone\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″ header_3_font_size_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb4vw\u00a0\u00bb header_3_font_size_phone=\u00a0\u00bb5vw\u00a0\u00bb header_3_font_size_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|phone\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{%22gcid-77784515-52da-45c3-b038-e5c2d51b4bf9%22:%91%22header_2_text_color%22,%22text_text_color%22,%22header_3_text_color%22%93}\u00a0\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″]<\/p>\n

Une m\u00e9thodologie discutable<\/span><\/h2>\n

L\u2019\u00e9tude soul\u00e8ve \u00e9galement des questions sur sa m\u00e9thodologie et l\u2019interpr\u00e9tation des r\u00e9sultats, puisque l\u2019analyse repose sur la comparaison des Pays-Bas avec cinq autres pays europ\u00e9ens.<\/span><\/p>\n

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La conclusion selon laquelle un monopole serait plus efficace et effectif se fonde donc sur une base limit\u00e9e. Les chiffres du rapport ne d\u00e9montrent d\u2019ailleurs pas clairement que les pays disposant d\u2019un syst\u00e8me \u00e0 \u00e9co-organisme unique obtiennent de meilleurs r\u00e9sultats que ceux dot\u00e9s de plusieurs \u00e9co-organismes, une conclusion qui semble donc pr\u00e9matur\u00e9e.<\/span>
<\/span>Le Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving et le Centraal Planbureau <\/span>soulignent<\/span><\/a> eux aussi qu\u2019il est pratiquement impossible de d\u00e9terminer empiriquement dans quelles conditions les \u00e9co-organismes monopolistiques sont plus efficaces que les \u00e9co-organismes concurrents, en raison des grandes diff\u00e9rences de co\u00fbts et de flux de d\u00e9chets entre les pays.<\/span><\/p>\n

Le rapport pr\u00e9sente par ailleurs des similarit\u00e9s frappantes avec une <\/span>autre \u00e9tude<\/span><\/a> de PwC sur Verpact, le seul \u00e9co-organisme n\u00e9erlandais pour les emballages, r\u00e9alis\u00e9e plus t\u00f4t la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e par le m\u00eame cabinet de conseil. Les questions et conclusions y \u00e9taient identiques : le syst\u00e8me actuel, domin\u00e9 par une seule entit\u00e9, serait le plus performant. Difficile d\u2019y voir une co\u00efncidence, d\u2019autant que les deux rapports ont \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9s \u00e0 quelques semaines d\u2019intervalle, avec un objectif similaire.<\/span><\/p>\n

En conclusion<\/span><\/h3>\n

La Fondation OPEN utilisera sans aucun doute les conclusions du rapport PwC aupr\u00e8s du minist\u00e8re et des autres parties prenantes pour <\/span>appuyer sa nouvelle demande d\u2019AVV<\/span><\/a>, d\u00e9pos\u00e9e le 1er avril 2025, qui devrait entrer en vigueur le 1er janvier 2026.<\/span>
<\/span>Le timing de la publication est d\u2019ailleurs strat\u00e9gique, compte tenu des \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives du 29 octobre et de la consultation sur la loi europ\u00e9enne sur l\u2019\u00e9conomie circulaire, qui traite \u00e9galement de la REP. L\u2019objectif du rapport est donc clair : souligner l\u2019importance de l\u2019AVV aupr\u00e8s des d\u00e9cideurs politiques.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u2019elle soit accord\u00e9e ou non, il est essentiel de ne pas r\u00e9duire le d\u00e9bat sur la responsabilit\u00e9 des producteurs \u00e0 une simple question de monopole ou de concurrence, mais de r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 ce que nous attendons r\u00e9ellement de la REP. C’est-\u00e0-dire : une orientation vers la circularit\u00e9 plut\u00f4t que vers la seule collecte et le recyclage, plus de transparence, une implication r\u00e9elle des parties prenantes, et une application rigoureuse des r\u00e8gles.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Tags associ\u00e9s<\/h3>\n

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Stichting OPEN is de enige Nederlandse producentenorganisatie voor e-waste. Zij hebben onderzoek laten uitvoeren door PwC, waaruit zou blijken dat een markt met \u00e9\u00e9n PRO het meest effectief en effici\u00ebnt is voor de uitvoering van de UPV. Deze uitkomst valt gunstig voor Stichting Open uit, maar klopt deze conclusie wel? <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41,"featured_media":23956133,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[3227],"tags":[3080,3361,2948,3340],"dipi_cpt_category":[],"published_year":[3496,3501],"class_list":["post-23956140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-responsabilite-elargie-du-producteur","tag-grondstoffenbeleid","tag-grondstoffenbeleid-fr","tag-producentenverantwoordelijkheid","tag-rep","published_year-3496","published_year-2025-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nRapport PwC pour Stichting OPEN plaide pour un monopole de la REP, mais ignore les critiques | Fair Resource Foundation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fairresourcefoundation.org\/fr\/pwc-rapport-open-monopole\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rapport PwC pour Stichting OPEN plaide pour un monopole de la REP, mais ignore les critiques | Fair Resource Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Stichting OPEN is de enige Nederlandse producentenorganisatie voor e-waste. 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